QUALITY OF LIFE AND GLYCAEMIC CONTROL AMONG OLDER POPULATION WITH DIABETES IN THREE DISTRICTS OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Keywords:
Quality of life, Diabetes control, Elderly, DistrictsAbstract
The older population is increasing in numbers worldwide. Most of them have multiple comorbidities including diabetes. The diabetic control in elderly is usually challenging. Their quality of life and socioeconomic condition either in rural or urban area could affect their disease progress. This study aims to measure the diabetic control and its associated factors, including quality of life among the older population with diabetes in three different districts of Malaysia. The patients’ health and background details were recorded. Validated Malay version of diabetes quality of life questionnaire was used. 485 elderly diabetic patients were recruited based on two proportion formula comprising all clinics in those districts representing urban vs rural area. Data were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression for the association. Only 30.5% of the patients have good diabetic control with patients in Kuala Terengganu district achieved better sugar control (p < 0.001). However, the only significant diabetic control predictor is the quality of life of the elderly patients (OR = 1.32, CI 1.047 – 1.224). Level of diabetes control in these three districts are poor, concomitant with the poor control of the elderly non-communicable disease profiles. It is essential to embark on holistic approach in dealing with the elderly diabetic management and identify measures to improve quality of life in those with poor glycaemic control in order to have better disease outcome.
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36) Kalra S, Jena BN, Yeravdekar R. Emotional and psychological needs of people with diabetes. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;22(5):696–704.
2) Tong SF, Low WY, Ng CJ. Profile of men’s health in Malaysia: problems and challenges. Asian J Androl. 2011;13(4):526–33.
3) Fekadu G, Bula K, Bayisa G, Turi E, Tolossa T, Kasaye HK. Challenges and factors associated with poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Nekemte Referral Hospital, western Ethiopia. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2019;12:963–74.
4) Leung E, Wongrakpanich S, Munshi MN. Diabetes management in the elderly. Diabetes Spectr. 2018;31(3):245–53.
5) Yakary?lmaz FD, Öztürk ZA. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly. World J Diabetes. 2017;8(6):278–85.
6) Aung WP, Htet AS, Bjertness E, Stigum H, Chongsuvivatwong V, Kjøllesdal MKR. Urban–rural differences in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among 25–74 year-old adults of the Yangon Region, Myanmar: two cross-sectional studies. BMJ Open. 2018;8(3):e020406.
7) Ogugua CF, Chikani UN, Okiche CY, Ibekwe UM. Sociodemographic determinants of glycaemic control among children with type 1 diabetes in South Eastern Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J. 2021;38:250.
8) Nguyen HTT, Moir MP, Nguyen TX, Vu AP, Luong LH, Nguyen TN, et al. Health-related quality of life in elderly diabetic outpatients in Vietnam. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:1347–54.
9) Carr AJ, Gibson B, Robinson PG. Measuring quality of life: Is quality of life determined by expectations or experience? BMJ. 2001;322(7296):1240–3.
10) MEMS. CPG - Management of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (6th Edition). MEMS. 2021. https://mems.my/cpg-management-of-type-2-diabetes- mellitus-6th-edition/ (accessed 28 October 2022).
11) Mooradian AD. Evidence-based management of diabetes in older adults. Drugs Aging. 2018;35(12):1065–78.
12) Rochon PA, Petrovic M, Cherubini A, Onder G, O’Mahony D, Sternberg SA, et al. Polypharmacy, inappropriate prescribing, and deprescribing in older people: through a sex and gender lens. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2021;2(5):e290–300.
13) Robertson L, Ayansina D, Johnston M, Marks A, Black C. Urban-rural and socioeconomic status: Impact on multimorbidity prevalence in hospitalized patients. J Comorb. 2020;10:2235042X19893470.
14) Sohrabi M-R, Amin R, Maher A, Hannani K, Alimohammadi H, Zali A-R. Urban and sub-urban disparities in health outcomes among patients with COVID-19; a cross-sectional study of 234 418 patients in Iran. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):927.
15) Gupta S, Bansal S. Effect of urbanization, sedentary lifestyle and consumption pattern on obesity: An evidence from India. SSRN Electron J. 2020.
16) Rodríguez López S, Bilal U, Ortigoza AF, Diez-Roux AV. Educational inequalities, urbanicity and levels of non-communicable diseases risk factors: evaluating trends in Argentina (2005-2013). BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1572.
17) Htet AS, Bjertness MB, Sherpa LY, Kjøllesdal MK, Oo WM, Meyer HE, et al. Urban-rural differences in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors among 25–74 years old citizens in Yangon Region, Myanmar: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1).
18) Kim YJ, Jeon JY, Han SJ, Kim HJ, Lee KW, Kim DJ. Effect of socio-economic status on the prevalence of diabetes. Yonsei Med J. 2015;56(3):641–7.
19) Ho BK, Jasvindar K, Gurpreet K, Ambigga D, Suthahar A, Cheong SM, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus among the elderly: The 2011 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia. Malays Fam Physician. 2014;9(3):12–9.
20) Pamungkas RA, Chamroonsawasdi K, Vatanasomboon P. A systematic review: Family support integrated with diabetes self-management among uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus patients. Behav Sci (Basel). 2017;7(3):62.
21) World Health Organization (WHO). Sample size determination in health studies: A practical manual. Genève, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1991.
22) Bujang MA, Adnan TH, Mohd Hatta NKB, Ismail M, Lim CJ. A Revised Version of Diabetes Quality of Life Instrument Maintaining Domains for Satisfaction, Impact, and Worry. J Diabetes Res. 2018;2018:5804687.
23) Ab Hamid N ‘adha, Md Abdul Salam NZ, Mat Nor MF, Abd Rahman SH, Hassim MH, Nabees Khan M. Strong family values and physical environment of neighborhood: Malaysian elders aspirations and preferences for living. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication. 2021;6(22):28–35.
24) Teh JKL, Tey NP, Ng ST. Family support and loneliness among older persons in multiethnic Malaysia. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:654382.
25) Jusoh, Z., Tohid, H., Omar, K., Muhammad, N. A., & Ahmad, S. (2018). Clinical and Sociodemographic Predictors of the Quality of Life among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 25(1), 84–95.
26) Yeap C. A closer look at the latest data on ethnic income gap. The Edge Markets. 2020. https://www.theedgemarkets.com/article/closer- look-latest-data-ethnic-income-gap (accessed 28 October 2022).
27) Karachaliou F, Simatos G, Simatou A. The challenges in the development of diabetes prevention and care models in low-income settings. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2020;11:518.
28) Svendsen MT, Bak CK, Sørensen K, Pelikan J, Riddersholm SJ, Skals RK, et al. Associations of health literacy with socioeconomic position, health risk behavior, and health status: a large national population-based survey among Danish adults. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):565.
29) Kaur J, Kaur G, Ho BK, Yao WK, Salleh M, Lim KH. Predictors of physical inactivity among elderly malaysians: recommendations for policy planning: Recommendations for policy planning. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015;27(3):314–22.
30) Kirwan JP, Sacks J, Nieuwoudt S. The essential role of exercise in the management of type 2 diabetes. Cleve Clin J Med. 2017;84(7 Suppl 1):S15–21.
31) Edelman SV. Taking control of your diabetes: An innovative approach to improving diabetes care through educating, motivating, and making the connection between patients and health care providers. Clin Diabetes. 2017;35(5):333–9.
32) Huang ES, Lipska KJ. The cost and safety of insulin in older adults. JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181(5):608–9.
33) Huebschmann AG, Huxley RR, Kohrt WM, Zeitler P, Regensteiner JG, Reusch JEB. Sex differences in the burden of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk across the life course. Diabetologia. 2019;62(10):1761–72.
34) Thelancet.com. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(18)30026-4/fulltext (accessed 28 October 2022).
35) Erpeldinger S, Rehman MB, Berkhout C, Pigache C, Zerbib Y, Regnault F, et al. Efficacy and safety of insulin in type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMC Endocr Disord. 2016;16(1):39.
36) Kalra S, Jena BN, Yeravdekar R. Emotional and psychological needs of people with diabetes. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;22(5):696–704.
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Published
2023-08-28
How to Cite
Shalihin, M. S. E., Zubaidi, Z. S., Mukhali, H. B., Md Aris, M. A., Omar, A. M., Mohammad Aidid, E., … Abdul Aziz, A. A. (2023). QUALITY OF LIFE AND GLYCAEMIC CONTROL AMONG OLDER POPULATION WITH DIABETES IN THREE DISTRICTS OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 23(2), 264–272. Retrieved from https://mjphm.org/index.php/mjphm/article/view/2162
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