RISK FACTORS OF HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM: META-ANALYSIS FROM RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDIES

Artha Budi Susila Duarsa; Aris Widiyanto; I Putu Dedy Arjita; Joko Tri  Atmojo; Ayu  Anulus; Santy Irene  Putri; Asruria Sani  Fajriah

doi:10.37268/mjphm/vol.22/no.3/art.1678

Artha Budi Susila Duarsa Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Islamic University, 83232 Mataram, Indonesia
Aris Widiyanto Nursing Study Program, School of Health Sciences Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, 57127 Surakarta, Indonesia
I Putu Dedy Arjita Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Islamic University, 83232 Mataram, Indonesia
Joko Tri Atmojo Nursing Study Program, School of Health Sciences Mamba’ul ‘Ulum Surakarta, 57127 Surakarta, Indonesia
Ayu Anulus Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar Islamic University, 83232 Mataram, Indonesia
Santy Irene Putri Midwifery Study Program, Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University, 65144 Malang, Indonesia
Asruria Sani Fajriah Midwifery Study Program, Strada Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences, 64133 Kediri, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.22/no.3/art.1678

Keywords: cohort, hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea, risk factors, vomiting of pregnancy

Abstract

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a pregnancy condition characterized by prolonged and severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, which causes dehydration and weight loss that requires extensive medical care and hospital admission. Studies of hyperemesis were limited in statistical power and generalizability as a result of being facility-based and relatively small in size. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with HG among pregnant women. It systematically reviews articles published in PubMed, EMBASE, and Science Direct databases. Statistical analysis was carried out by Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3). Three hundreds and eighteen studies were found in the databases, and 6 of them met the qualifications. The results of this meta-analysis suggested that mothers with female baby (OR= 1.25; 95% CI: 1.20–1.31), with a previous history of HG (OR= 5.38; 95% CI: 1.10–26.36), multiparity (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.94–1.22), with more than 1 fetus (OR= 2.13; 95%CI: 1.95–2.33), and underweight (OR= 1.19; 95%CI: 1.10–1.28) have higher risk to HG compared to those with male baby, without previous history of HG, primipara, single fetus, and normal BMI respectively. In addition, smoking mothers have a lower risk of HG compared to those who have never had a cigarette (OR= 0.69; 95%CI: 0.31–1.54). Finally, it suggested that mothers with female baby, history of previous HG, multiparity, underweight, and multi-baby are risk factors of HG. Meanwhile, smoking is perceived to be protective factors of HG

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